Altered Recruitment of Motor Cortex Neuronal Activity During the Grasping Phase of Skilled Reaching in a Chronic Rat Model of Unilateral Parkinsonism
| Autor: | Sonja Seeger-Armbruster, Louise C. Parr-Brownlie, Brian I. Hyland, Roseanna A Smither |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Rat model Lesion 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Parkinsonian Disorders Dopamine medicine Animals Premovement neuronal activity Rats Wistar Oxidopamine Research Articles 030304 developmental biology Neurons 0303 health sciences Hand Strength business.industry General Neuroscience Parkinsonism Motor Cortex Motor control medicine.disease Rats Disease Models Animal medicine.anatomical_structure Motor Skills Chronic Disease Neuron medicine.symptom business Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Motor cortex medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | J Neurosci |
| ISSN: | 1529-2401 0270-6474 |
| DOI: | 10.1523/jneurosci.0720-19.2019 |
| Popis: | Parkinson's disease causes prominent difficulties in the generation and execution of voluntary limb movements, including regulation of distal muscles and coordination of proximal and distal movement components to achieve accurate grasping. Difficulties with manual dexterity have a major impact on activities of daily living. We used extracellular single neuron recordings to investigate the neural underpinnings of parkinsonian movement deficits in the motor cortex of chronic unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion male rats performing a skilled reach-to-grasp task the. Both normal movements and parkinsonian deficits in this task have striking homology to human performance. In lesioned animals there were several differences in the activity of cortical neurons during reaches by the affected limb compared with control rats. These included an increase in proportions of neurons showing rate decreases, along with increased amplitude of their average rate-decrease response at specific times during the reach, suggesting a shift in the balance of net excitation and inhibition of cortical neurons; a significant increase in the duration of rate-increase responses, which could result from reduced coupling of cortical activity to specific movement components; and changes in the timing and incidence of neurons with pure rate-increase or biphasic responses, particularly at the end of reach when grasping would normally be occurring. The changes in cortical activity may account for the deficits that occur in skilled distal motor control following dopamine depletion, and highlight the need for treatment strategies targeted toward modulating cortical mechanisms for fine distal motor control in patients.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe show for the first time in a chronic lesion rat model of Parkinson's disease movement deficits that there are specific changes in motor cortex neuron activity associated with the grasping phase of a skilled motor task. Such changes provide a possible mechanism underpinning the problems with manual dexterity seen in Parkinson's patients and highlight the need for treatment strategies targeted toward distal motor control. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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