Catchment acidification—from the top down
| Autor: | Volker Malessa, Jörg Matschullat, Ulrich Siewers, H. Andreae, D. Lessmann |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1992 |
| Předmět: |
Watershed
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Drainage basin 010501 environmental sciences Toxicology 01 natural sciences West germany 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Pollutant Hydrology geography geography.geographical_feature_category Bedrock 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine 15. Life on land Pollution 6. Clean water 13. Climate action Environmental chemistry Soil water 040103 agronomy & agriculture 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Environmental science Composition (visual arts) Acid rain |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Pollution. 77:143-150 |
| ISSN: | 0269-7491 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/0269-7491(92)90070-q |
| Popis: | Three main factors define the speed of catchment acidification: the total input of pollutants; the thickness and character of soils, including the nature of the bedrock; and the size of subcatchments. The aerial input of pollutants in the Harz is among the highest in Central Europe (e.g. SO 4 S: 22–70 kg (ha year) −1 ; NO 3 N: 9–10kg (ha year) −1 ; NH 4 N: 10–15 kg (ha year) −1 and Cd: 2·6–8·7 g (ha year) −1 ; Cu: 34–125 g (ha year) −1 ; Pb: 150–380 g (ha year) −1 ; Zn: 105–560 g (ha year) −1 ). Thick soil profiles (2–4 m) acidify from the top down. Whether the soils will neutralize incoming acids depends on their buffering capacity. The small headwater subcatchments acidify first and subsequently release acidic water with pH values down to ≤4·0. Four brook zones can be divided by the composition of their biocoenoses. The latter depend on the degreee of acidification. These zones are also characterized by different hydrochemical conditions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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