Concentrations of legacy and emerging flame retardants in air and soil on a transect in the UK West Midlands

Autor: Seth Newton, Daniel S. Drage, Cynthia A. de Wit, Stuart Harrad
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Pollution
Environmental Engineering
PBDEs
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Soil test
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis
media_common.quotation_subject
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Soil
chemistry.chemical_compound
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
11. Sustainability
HBCD
Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
Environmental Chemistry
Soil Pollutants
Organic matter
Transect
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
media_common
Flame Retardants
chemistry.chemical_classification
HBCDD
Air
Soil organic matter
Urbanization
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
General Medicine
General Chemistry
15. Life on land
Dechlorane plus
Miljövetenskap
United Kingdom
Congener
chemistry
13. Climate action
Environmental chemistry
Environmental science
EFRs
Environmental Sciences
Water Pollutants
Chemical
Environmental Monitoring
Zdroj: Chemosphere. 148
ISSN: 1879-1298
Popis: Passive air samples were collected monthly for 6 months from 8 sites along a transect of Birmingham, United Kingdom between June 2012 and January 2013. Soil samples were collected once at each site. Average concentrations of BDE-209, ΣPBDEs17:183 and ΣPBDEs in ambient air were 150, 49, and 180 pg m(-3), respectively. Atmospheric concentrations of PBDEs were negatively correlated with distance from the city centre, exhibiting an "urban pulse". The average ΣHBCDD air concentration was 100 pg m(-3), however concentrations were not correlated with distance from the city centre. Several emerging flame retardants (EFRs) were identified in air and/or soil samples: 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (BEH-TEBP), 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2 dibromoethyl)cyclohexane (TBECH or DBE-DBCH), allyl 2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (ATE), 2-bromoallyl 2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (BATE), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), and dechlorane plus (DP or DDC-CO). Average concentrations of BDE-209, ΣPBDEs17:183 and ΣPBDEs in soil were 11, 3.6, and 15 ng g(-1) soil organic matter. PBDE concentrations in soil were higher at sites closest to the city centre, however correlations with distance from the city centre were not significant. BDEs-47 and -99 contributed more to ΣPBDEs in soil samples than air samples, but in both, the predominant congener was BDE-209. BATE was more abundant in air than soil but ATE was abundant in soil but not air.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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