The Role of Breast Cancer Stem Cell-Related Biomarkers as Prognostic Factors

Autor: Geok Chin Tan, Yin Ping Wong, Gayathri Thevi Selvarajah, Wai Kit Chia, Clarence Ching Huat Ko, Yoke Kqueen Cheah
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Diagnostics, Vol 10, Iss 721, p 721 (2020)
Diagnostics
ISSN: 2075-4418
Popis: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide, and its incidence is on the rise. A small fraction of cancer stem cells was identified within the tumour bulk, which are regarded as cancer-initiating cells, possess self-renewal and propagation potential, and a key driver for tumour heterogeneity and disease progression. Cancer heterogeneity reduces the overall efficacy of chemotherapy and contributes to treatment failure and relapse. The cell-surface and subcellular biomarkers related to breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) phenotypes are increasingly being recognised. These biomarkers are useful for the isolation of BCSCs and can serve as potential therapeutic targets and prognostic tools to monitor treatment responses. Recently, the role of noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) has extensively been explored as novel biomarker molecules for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis with high specificity and sensitivity. An in-depth understanding of the biological roles of miRNA in breast carcinogenesis provides insights into the pathways of cancer development and its utility for disease prognostication. This review gives an overview of stem cells, highlights the biomarkers expressed in BCSCs and describes their potential role as prognostic indicators.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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