Glucose transporters in pancreatic islets
Autor: | Daniela Zdzieblo, Constantin Berger |
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Přispěvatelé: | Publica |
Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
a-Cell endocrine system Physiology Glucose uptake Clinical Biochemistry Population Glucose Transport Proteins Facilitative 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins v-Cell SGLTs Pancreatic islet 03 medical and health sciences Islets of Langerhans 0302 clinical medicine Physiology (medical) medicine Glucose homeostasis Animals Humans ddc:610 education education.field_of_study Invited Review α-Cell biology Pancreatic islets Glucose transporter glucose transport Cell biology 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure biology.protein GLUT2 GLUT1 GLUTs GLUT3 β-Cell |
Zdroj: | Pflugers Archiv |
Popis: | The fine-tuning of glucose uptake mechanisms is rendered by various glucose transporters with distinct transport characteristics. In the pancreatic islet, facilitative diffusion glucose transporters (GLUTs), and sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs) contribute to glucose uptake and represent important components in the glucose-stimulated hormone release from endocrine cells, therefore playing a crucial role in blood glucose homeostasis. This review summarizes the current knowledge about cell type-specific expression profiles as well as proven and putative functions of distinct GLUT and SGLT family members in the human and rodent pancreatic islet and further discusses their possible involvement in onset and progression of diabetes mellitus. In context of GLUTs, we focus on GLUT2, characterizing the main glucose transporter in insulin-secreting β-cells in rodents. In addition, we discuss recent data proposing that other GLUT family members, namely GLUT1 and GLUT3, render this task in humans. Finally, we summarize latest information about SGLT1 and SGLT2 as representatives of the SGLT family that have been reported to be expressed predominantly in the α-cell population with a suggested functional role in the regulation of glucagon release. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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