Delayed rise of oral fluid antibodies, elevated BMI, and absence of early fever correlate with longer time to SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance in a longitudinally sampled cohort of COVID-19 outpatients
| Autor: | Yukari C. Manabe, Abhinaya Ganesan, Rebecca L. Ursin, Weiwei Dai, Andrea L. Cox, Kirsten Littlefield, Derek T. Armstrong, Christine Payton, Jaylynn R Johnstone, Lauren Sauer, Oyinkansola T. Kusemiju, Andrew Pekosz, Jeffrey A. Tornheim, Paul W Blair, Joelle Fuchs, Han-Sol Park, Chen Hu, Sara C. Keller, Minyoung Jang, Carolyn Reuland, Nora Pisanic, Curtisha Charles, Kate Kruczynski, Razvan Azamfirei, Jeanne C. Keruly, Sabra L. Klein, Shruti H. Mehta, Mei Cheng Wang, David L. Thomas, Christopher D. Heaney, Vismaya S Bachu, Guido Massaccesi, Samantha N Walch, Taylor Church, Heba H. Mostafa, Annukka A.R. Antar, Brittany Barnaba, Diane M. Brown, Zoe Demko, Thelio T Sewell, Jennifer Townsend, Michelle Prizzi, Justin Hardick, Tong Yu |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty viruses RT-PCR medicine.disease_cause Gastroenterology Article 03 medical and health sciences Immune system 0302 clinical medicine Interquartile range Internal medicine antibody medicine Major Article 030212 general & internal medicine Coronavirus biology Proportional hazards model Viral culture business.industry SARS-CoV-2 RNA COVID-19 viral RNA Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Real-time polymerase chain reaction AcademicSubjects/MED00290 Oncology Concomitant Cohort biology.protein Antibody business Respiratory tract |
| Zdroj: | Open Forum Infectious Diseases medRxiv |
| ISSN: | 2328-8957 |
| Popis: | BackgroundSustained molecular detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in the upper respiratory tract (URT) in mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is common. We sought to identify host and immune determinants of prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection.MethodsNinety-five symptomatic outpatients self-collected midturbinate nasal, oropharyngeal (OP), and gingival crevicular fluid (oral fluid) samples at home and in a research clinic a median of 6 times over 1–3 months. Samples were tested for viral RNA, virus culture, and SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronavirus antibodies, and associations were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsViral RNA clearance, as measured by SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in 507 URT samples occurred a median (interquartile range) 33.5 (17–63.5) days post–symptom onset. Sixteen nasal-OP samples collected 2–11 days post–symptom onset were virus culture positive out of 183 RT-PCR-positive samples tested. All participants but 1 with positive virus culture were negative for concomitant oral fluid anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The mean time to first antibody detection in oral fluid was 8–13 days post–symptom onset. A longer time to first detection of oral fluid anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.96; 95% CI, 0.92–0.99; P = .020) and body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 (aHR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.18–0.78; P = .009) were independently associated with a longer time to SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA clearance. Fever as 1 of first 3 COVID-19 symptoms correlated with shorter time to viral RNA clearance (aHR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.02–4.18; P = .044).ConclusionsWe demonstrate that delayed rise of oral fluid SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, elevated BMI, and absence of early fever are independently associated with delayed URT viral RNA clearance. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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