Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) associated with reduced cognitive flexibility in both college and community samples
| Autor: | Katherine Knauft, Vrinda Kalia, Niki Hayatbini |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Epidemiology Social Sciences Criminology Adolescents Pediatrics Families Mathematical and Statistical Techniques Sociology Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Adverse Childhood Experiences Medicine and Health Sciences Public and Occupational Health Chronic stress Child Abuse Child Prefrontal cortex Children Aged 80 and over Multidisciplinary Physics Statistics Traumatic Injury Risk Factors Multilevel model Substance Abuse Cognitive flexibility Classical Mechanics Brain Middle Aged Physical Sciences Mechanical Stress Regression Analysis Medicine Female Crime Anatomy Psychology Research Article Clinical psychology Adult Adolescent Universities Substance-Related Disorders Science Prefrontal Cortex Research and Analysis Methods Young Adult Mental Health and Psychiatry Humans Adults Statistical Methods Students Association (psychology) Aged Biology and Life Sciences United States Cumulative risk Cross-Sectional Studies Age Groups Medical Risk Factors People and Places Population Groupings Cognition Disorders Mathematics |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 12, p e0260822 (2021) PLoS ONE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | The prefrontal cortex is sensitive to stress experiences and significantly impacted by early life adversity. Cognitive flexibility is an executive function that is associated with positive outcomes in adulthood and implicated in activity in the prefrontal cortex. The relationship between early life adversity and cognitive flexibility is underreported. Using the cumulative risk model, we conducted two studies to examine the association between early life adversity and cognitive flexibility in college students and adults (cumulative N = 510). Exposure to early life adversity was assessed using the adverse childhood experiences scale (ACEs). Cognitive flexibility was assessed using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Additionally, as perceived chronic stress is associated with impaired prefrontal cortex function, we measured that as well. Higher number of ACEs was correlated with lower number of completed categories on the WCST in both college students and adults. Perceived chronic stress was not associated with cognitive flexibility, but did correlate positively with ACEs. Individuals with a higher number of ACEs were also more likely to report higher levels of perceived chronic stress. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that exposure to adverse childhood experiences predicted lower scores on completed categories. Our findings provide further evidence that individuals with early life adversity exhibit reduced cognitive flexibility in adulthood. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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