The estrogenic potential of salicylate esters and their possible risks in foods and cosmetics
| Autor: | Jian Jiao, Zhaobin Zhang, Jun Li, Jianying Hu, Huicheng Bai, Chengxia Jia, Desheng Zhu, Ruobao Li, Libei Sun, Ying Hu, Yonglu Tian, Liang Zhao |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Models
Molecular Bisphenol A food.ingredient Estrogen receptor Cosmetics Endocrine Disruptors Molecular Dynamics Simulation Toxicology Rats Sprague-Dawley chemistry.chemical_compound Mice Random Allocation Structure-Activity Relationship food Phenyl salicylate Bioassay Animals Humans Food science Benzyl salicylate Food additive Estrogen Receptor alpha General Medicine Salicylates Rats chemistry Food Ethyl salicylate Biological Assay Female Methyl salicylate |
| Zdroj: | Toxicology letters. 209(2) |
| ISSN: | 1879-3169 |
| Popis: | Salicylate esters (SEs), a class of chemicals extensively used as flavor and fragrance additives in foods, beverages and a wide variety of consumer products, are suspected to have estrogenic activity based on chemical analysis of in silica molecular docking. We evaluated the estrogenic potentials of phenyl salicylate (PhS), benzyl salicylate (BzS), phenethyl salicylate (PES), ethyl salicylate (ES) and methyl salicylate (MS) using an in vitro human estrogen receptor α (hERα)-coactivator recruiting assay and in vivo immature rodent uterotrophic bioassays. We found that PhS, BzS and PES showed obvious in vitro hERα agonistic activities; BzS in particular exhibited a higher estrogenic activity compared to bisphenol A (BPA). The uterine weights were significantly increased in mice treated with 11.1, 33.3, 100 and 300 mg/kg/day BzS and 33.3mg/kg/day PES and rats treated with 3.7, 11.1, 33.3 and 100mg/kg/day BzS for 3 days (P |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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