Changes in soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus due to land-use changes in Brazil
| Autor: | Silvia Rafaela Machado Lins, Susian Christian Martins, E. E. Sano, R. Luna, Juliano Daniel Groppo, Hilton Silveira Pinto, Luiz Antonio Martinelli, Eduardo Delgado Assad, B. Evangelista, Plínio Barbosa de Camargo, P. R. Salgado, E. Pavão, E. Vasconcellos |
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| Přispěvatelé: | CNPTIA, Cena/USP, EDUARDO DELGADO ASSAD, CNPTIA, Unicamp, FGV, PAULA RODRIGUES SALGADO, SAPC, CPAC, EDSON EYJI SANO, CPAC, Cena/USP. |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Soil biodiversity
lcsh:Life Estoque de nitrogênio complex mixtures No-till farming Soil Estequiometria lcsh:QH540-549.5 Nutrientes no solo Nitrogen content Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Earth-Surface Processes Soil organic matter Agricultura Carbon sinks lcsh:QE1-996.5 Agriculture Soil carbon Concentração de carbono Soil type Soil nutrient balance Stoichiometry Estoque de carbono Concentração de nitrogênio lcsh:Geology Solo lcsh:QH501-531 Agronomy Estoque de fósforo Soil water Environmental science Soil horizon Concentração de fósforo lcsh:Ecology Soil fertility |
| Zdroj: | Biogeosciences, Vol 12, Iss 15, Pp 4765-4780 (2015) Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA-Alice) Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) instacron:EMBRAPA |
| ISSN: | 1726-4189 1726-4170 |
| Popis: | In this paper, soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and stocks were investigated in agricultural and natural areas in 17 plot-level paired sites and in a regional survey encompassing more than 100 pasture soils In the paired sites, elemental soil concentrations and stocks were determined in native vegetation (forests and savannas), pastures and crop–livestock systems (CPSs). Nutrient stocks were calculated for the soil depth intervals 0–10, 0–30, and 0–60 cm for the paired sites and 0–10, and 0–30 cm for the pasture regional survey by sum stocks obtained in each sampling intervals (0–5, 5–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–40, 40–60 cm). Overall, there were significant differences in soil element concentrations and ratios between different land uses, especially in the surface soil layers. Carbon and nitrogen contents were lower, while phosphorus contents were higher in the pasture and CPS soils than in native vegetation soils. Additionally, soil stoichiometry has changed with changes in land use. The soil C : N ratio was lower in the native vegetation than in the pasture and CPS soils, and the carbon and nitrogen to available phosphorus ratio (PME) decreased from the native vegetation to the pasture to the CPS soils. In the plot-level paired sites, the soil nitrogen stocks were lower in all depth intervals in pasture and in the CPS soils when compared with the native vegetation soils. On the other hand, the soil phosphorus stocks were higher in all depth intervals in agricultural soils when compared with the native vegetation soils. For the regional pasture survey, soil nitrogen and phosphorus stocks were lower in all soil intervals in pasture soils than in native vegetation soils. The nitrogen loss with cultivation observed here is in line with other studies and it seems to be a combination of decreasing organic matter inputs, in cases where crops replaced native forests, with an increase in soil organic matter decomposition that leads to a decrease in the long run. The main cause of the increase in soil phosphorus stocks in the CPS and pastures of the plot-level paired site seems to be linked to phosphorus fertilization by mineral and organics fertilizers. The findings of this paper illustrate that land-use changes that are currently common in Brazil alter soil concentrations, stocks and elemental ratios of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. These changes could have an impact on the subsequent vegetation, decreasing soil carbon and increasing nitrogen limitation but alleviating soil phosphorus deficiency. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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