Fetal Hypothalamic-Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) Development and Activation as a Determinant of the Timing of Birth, and of Postnatal Disease
| Autor: | Nadia Alfaidy, David C. Howe, J.R.G. Challis, Deborah M. Sloboda, John P. Newnham, Stephen G. Matthews, Alison C. Holloway, Mhoyra Fraser |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection (BCI ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Aberystwyth University, Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) |
| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System
endocrine system medicine.medical_specialty Time Factors Pituitary-Adrenal System Disease Infant Newborn Diseases Animal Diseases Embryonic and Fetal Development 03 medical and health sciences Fetus 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology Glucocorticoid receptor Pregnancy Internal medicine Animals Humans Medicine ACTH receptor Glucocorticoids 030304 developmental biology A determinant 0303 health sciences Labor Obstetric 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine Fetal adrenal business.industry Infant Newborn [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology General Medicine medicine.disease Animals Newborn embryonic structures Female business hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists Glucocorticoid medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Endocrine Research Endocrine Research, 2009, 26 (4), pp.489-504. ⟨10.3109/07435800009048560⟩ Endocrine Research, Taylor & Francis, 2009, 26 (4), pp.489-504. ⟨10.3109/07435800009048560⟩ Scopus-Elsevier |
| ISSN: | 1532-4206 0743-5800 |
| DOI: | 10.3109/07435800009048560 |
| Popis: | International audience; Birth in most animal species is triggered by the fetus through activation of the fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Preterm birth, may be associated with precocious activation of fetal HPA function, reflecting the fetal response to an adverse intrauterine environment. There is a progressive and concurrent increase of ACTH1-39 and cortisol (F) in the circulation of fetal sheep during the last 15-20 days of pregnancy (term, day 145-150) associated with increased expression of hypothalamic CRH pituitary POMC and adrenal ACTH receptor and steroidogenic enzymes, particularly P450 C17. Similar changes occur with fetal hypoxemia. Negative feedback is ameliorated by decreased pituitary and hypothalamic glucocorticoid receptor, increased CBG, and altered fetal pituitary 11B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1. Repeated fetal hypoxemia, diminishes the fetal-pituitary ACTH response, but increases fetal adrenal responsiveness. Fetuses exposed to maternal glucocorticoid in late gestation are growth restricted with altered postnatal HPA responsiveness and glycemic responses that reproduce the insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes. We conclude that the level of fetal HPA activity is crucial not only for determining gestation length, but also predicts pathophysiologic adjustment in later life. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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