Neural Correlates of Compulsive Alcohol Seeking in Heavy Drinkers
| Autor: | Markus Heilig, Lauren Sussman, Erica N. Grodin, Grace M. Brennan, Kelsey Sundby, Nancy Diazgranados, Reza Momenan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male 0301 basic medicine Alcohol Drinking Cognitive Neuroscience Alcohol use disorder Striatum Nucleus accumbens Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Neuroimaging mental disorders medicine Humans Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Prefrontal cortex Biological Psychiatry Brain Mapping Neural correlates of consciousness Ethanol medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Brain Middle Aged medicine.disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging Substance abuse Alcoholism 030104 developmental biology Compulsive Behavior Female Neurology (clinical) Functional magnetic resonance imaging business Alcoholic Intoxication 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. 3:1022-1031 |
| ISSN: | 2451-9022 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.06.009 |
| Popis: | Background Compulsive alcohol use, the tendency to continue alcohol seeking and taking despite negative consequences, is a hallmark of alcohol use disorder. Preclinical rodent studies have suggested a role for the medial prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, and nucleus accumbens in compulsive alcohol seeking. It is presently unknown whether these findings translate to humans. We used a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm and tested the hypothesis that heavy drinkers would compulsively seek alcohol despite the risk of an aversive consequence, and that this behavior would be associated with the activity of frontostriatal circuitry. Methods Non–treatment-seeking heavy and light drinkers (n = 21 per group) completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm in which they could earn alcohol or food points at various threat levels (i.e., various probabilities of incurring an aversive consequence). Brain function was evaluated when individuals had the opportunity to earn reward points at the risk of an aversive consequence, an electric shock on the wrist. Results Compared with light drinkers, heavy drinkers attempted to earn more aversion-paired alcohol points. Frontostriatal circuitry, including the medial prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, and striatum, was more active in this group when viewing threat-predictive alcohol cues. Heavy drinkers had increased connectivity between the anterior insula and the nucleus accumbens. Greater connectivity was associated with more attempts to earn aversion-paired alcohol points and self-reported compulsive alcohol use scores. Conclusions Higher activation of frontostriatal circuitry in heavy drinkers may contribute to compulsive alcohol seeking. Treatments that disrupt this circuitry may result in a decrease in compulsive alcohol use. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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