Breastfeeding Rates and Programs in Europe: A Survey of 11 National Breastfeeding Committees and Representatives
| Autor: | Elisabeth Kylberg, Anne Bærug, Christine Brennan, Klaus Abraham, N. Marta Díaz-Gómez, Melissa A. Theurich, Cornelia Weikert, Berthold Koletzko, Laura McHugh, Marianne Busck-Rasmussen, Riccardo Davanzo |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
media_common.quotation_subject MEDLINE Breastfeeding Health Promotion Promotion (rank) Surveys and Questionnaires Environmental health Humans Medicine media_common Breastfeeding promotion business.industry Public health Infant Newborn Gastroenterology Infant Monitoring system Parental Leave Europe Breast Feeding Health promotion Milk Banks Population Surveillance Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Female Narrative review Public Health business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition. 68:400-407 |
| ISSN: | 1536-4801 0277-2116 |
| Popis: | Introduction Among the world's regions, the WHO European Region has the lowest rates of exclusive breastfeeding at the age of 6 months with approximately 25%. Low rates and early cessation of breastfeeding have important adverse health consequences for women, infants, and young children. Protecting, promoting, and supporting breastfeeding are a public health priority. Objectives National breastfeeding data and monitoring systems among selected European countries and the WHO European Region are compared. Mechanisms for the support, protection, and promotion of breastfeeding are reviewed and successes and challenges in implementation of national programs are presented. Methods National representatives of national breastfeeding committees and initiatives in 11 European countries, including Belgium, Croatia, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland, participated in a standardized survey. Results are evaluated and compared in a narrative review. Results Variation exists in Europe on breastfeeding rates; methodology for data collection; and mechanisms for support, protection, and promotion of breastfeeding. Directly after birth, between 56% and 98% of infants in all countries were reported to receive any human milk, and at 6 months 38% to 71% and 13% to 39% of infants to be breastfed or exclusively breastfed, respectively. National plans addressing breastfeeding promotion, protection, and support exist in 6 of the 11 countries. Conclusions National governments should commit to evidence-based breastfeeding monitoring and promotion activities, including financial and political support, to improve breastfeeding rates in the Europe. Renewed efforts for collaboration between countries in Europe, including a sustainable platform for information exchange, are needed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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