Early ontogeny of humeral trabecular bone in Neandertals and recent modern humans
| Autor: | Jean-Jacques Hublin, Liubov V. Golovanova, Vladimir B. Doronichev, Thomas Colard, Antony Colombo, Tony Chevalier |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
010506 paleontology Adolescent Pan troglodytes Ontogeny [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology Human bone Biology 01 natural sciences Proximal metaphysis medicine Animals Humans 0601 history and archaeology Humerus Human group Functional studies Child Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS Neanderthals 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 060101 anthropology Fossils Infant 06 humanities and the arts Anatomy Trabecular bone medicine.anatomical_structure Child Preschool Anthropology Cancellous Bone Female Bone volume |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Human Evolution Journal of Human Evolution, Elsevier, 2021, 154, pp.102968. ⟨10.1016/j.jhevol.2021.102968⟩ |
| ISSN: | 0047-2484 1095-8606 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jhevol.2021.102968⟩ |
| Popis: | Trabecular bone ontogeny is well known in modern humans and unknown in Neandertals. Yet the bone developmental pattern is useful for interpreting fossils from evolutionary and functional perspectives. Interestingly, microstructure in early ontogeny is supposedly not influenced by high and specific mechanical loading related to the lifestyle of a human group and consequently does not directly depend on the activities of hunter-gatherers. Here, we specifically explored the early growth trajectories of the trabecular bone structure of the humerus and emphasized in particular how bone fraction (bone volume/total volume [BV/TV]) was built up in Neandertals, given the specific modern human bone loss after birth and the use of BV/TV in functional studies. Six Neandertals and 26 recent modern humans ranging from perinates to adolescents were included in this study. Six trabecular parameters were measured within a cubic region of interest extracted from the proximal metaphysis of the humerus. We found that the microstructural changes in Neandertals during early ontogeny (1 year) fit with modern human growth trajectories for each parameter. The specific bone loss occurring immediately after birth in modern humans also occurred in Neandertals (but not in chimpanzees). However, the early childhood fossil Ferrassie 6 presented unexpectedly high BV/TV, whereas the high BV/TV in the Crouzade I adolescent was predictable. These results suggest that Neandertals and modern humans shared predetermined early growth trajectories and developmental mechanisms. We assume that the close relationship between skeletal characteristics in early ontogeny and adults in modern humans also existed in Neandertals. However, it was difficult to ensure that the high BV/TV in Neandertal early childhood, represented by only one individual, was at the origin of the high BV/TV observed in adults. Consequently, our study does not challenge the mechanical hypothesis that explains the trabecular gracilization of the humerus during the Holocene. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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