Human Health Risk Assessment Applied to Rural Populations Dependent on Unregulated Drinking Water Sources: A Scoping Review
| Autor: | Lorelei Ford, Lianne McLeod, Cheryl L. Waldner, Lalita Bharadwaj |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
holistic
Rural Population Asia Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Water source 0211 other engineering and technologies lcsh:Medicine 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences human health 01 natural sciences Article probabilistic Human health Source water Water Supply Environmental health groundwater Vulnerable population Humans risk assessment deterministic rural population drinking water Water Pollutants Risk management 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 021110 strategic defence & security studies Government business.industry Drinking Water lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Geography business Risk assessment Rural population |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 14; Issue 8; Pages: 846 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 14, Iss 8, p 846 (2017) |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 1661-7827 |
| Popis: | Safe drinking water is a global challenge for rural populations dependent on unregulated water. A scoping review of research on human health risk assessments (HHRA) applied to this vulnerable population may be used to improve assessments applied by government and researchers. This review aims to summarize and describe the characteristics of HHRA methods, publications, and current literature gaps of HHRA studies on rural populations dependent on unregulated or unspecified drinking water. Peer-reviewed literature was systematically searched (January 2000 to May 2014) and identified at least one drinking water source as unregulated (21%) or unspecified (79%) in 100 studies. Only 7% of reviewed studies identified a rural community dependent on unregulated drinking water. Source water and hazards most frequently cited included groundwater (67%) and chemical water hazards (82%). Most HHRAs (86%) applied deterministic methods with 14% reporting probabilistic and stochastic methods. Publications increased over time with 57% set in Asia, and 47% of studies identified at least one literature gap in the areas of research, risk management, and community exposure. HHRAs applied to rural populations dependent on unregulated water are poorly represented in the literature even though almost half of the global population is rural. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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