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Georgians lived in Northeastern Anatolian and south of the Caucasian Mountains during the Middle Ages and had centuries-long relations with the neighboring Byzantines. Christianity was a common denominator, with both cultures adopting it as their official state religion in the 4th century AD. They also faced common threats to their security, and while the quality of their relations varied over time, their rulers intermarried and strong ties emerged. Yet even from the earliest encounters, it is seen that the Georgians created unique artforms in line with their economic and geographical conditions, personal needs, tastes, and opportunities. This chapter highlights the unique architectural characteristics of Georgian sacred art and cultural heritage from examples located in and around the boundaries of the Georgian Republic and Northeastern Turkey. These trace the emergence and continued use of distinctive features in plan types, interior and exterior arrangements, materials, craftsmanship, mural decorations, and sculpture. |
