Risk Factors for Astigmatism in Preschool Children
| Autor: | Lydia Giordano, Mina Torres, Roberta McKean-Cowdin, Joanne Katz, Ge Wen, Susan A. Cotter, James M. Tielsch, Jesse Lin, Michael X. Repka, Stanley P. Azen, David S. Friedman, Kristina Tarczy-Hornoch, Rohit Varma, Mark Borchert, Josephine Ibironke |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
education.field_of_study
Pediatrics medicine.medical_specialty Refractive error genetic structures medicine.diagnostic_test Cross-sectional study business.industry Eye disease Population Physical examination Odds ratio Astigmatism medicine.disease Confidence interval Ophthalmology medicine education business |
| Zdroj: | Ophthalmology. 118:1974-1981 |
| ISSN: | 0161-6420 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.06.031 |
| Popis: | Objective To evaluate risk factors for astigmatism in a population-based sample of preschool children. Design Population-based cross-sectional study. Participants Population-based samples of 9970 children ages 6 to 72 months from Los Angeles County, California, and Baltimore, Maryland. Methods A cross-sectional study of children participating in the Multiethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study and the Baltimore Eye Disease Study was completed. Data were obtained by clinical examination or by in-person interview. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate potential associations between clinical, behavioral, or demographic factors and astigmatism. Main Outcome Measures Odds ratios (ORs) for various risk factors associated with astigmatism. Results Participants with myopia (≤−1.0 diopters) were 4.6 times as likely to have astigmatism (95% CI, 3.56–5.96) than those without refractive error, whereas participants with hyperopia (≥+2.00 diopters) were 1.6 times as likely (95% CI, 1.39–1.94). Children 6 to Conclusions In addition to infancy, Hispanic and African-American race/ethnicity and correctable/modifiable risk factors such as myopia, hyperopia, and maternal smoking during pregnancy are associated with a higher risk of having astigmatism. Although the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy is typically low, this association may suggest etiologic pathways for future investigation. Financial Disclosure(s) The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the materials discussed in this article. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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