| Popis: |
Mammals have one pair of sex chromosomes, X and Y. Sex chromosomes are derived from an ordinary pair of ancestral autosomes. In contrast with autosomes, sex chromosomes differ drastically in genomic structure, gene contents, and transcription status during germline development. The Y chromosome encodes the sex determining factor SRY. Sex chromosomes are enriched for reproduction-related genes. Recent genomic and genetic studies have elucidated the function of a large number of sex chromosome—linked genes in the regulation of spermatogenesis in mammals, including humans. |
