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The free market has considerable appeal: freedom of contract maximizes liberty and competitive markets pay each input what it deserves-its marginal product. So the story goes. Barbara Fried, however, has written a masterful book that reminds us that these a priori defenses of the free market were long ago demolished. A small band of progressives-led by Robert Hale, an economist teaching at Columbia Law School-developed an especially piercing critique of standard justifications for libertarian market policies. Fried's book has rediscovered this critique and has made it available to modern readers. Intellectual histories often raise two related questions concerning authorship. First, "Who is the author of particular ideas?" Fried is particularly sensitive to the possibility that she may have attributed to Hale the contributions of his predecessors and contemporaries. For example, Fried writes |
