Simulation of the phase change and deposition of inhaled semi-volatile liquid droplets in the nasal passages of rats and humans
| Autor: | Madhuri Singal, Julia S. Kimbell, Bahman Asgharian, Jeffry D. Schroeter, Lambros Kromidas, Owen T. Price |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
endocrine system
Atmospheric Science Environmental Engineering 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Airflow 010501 environmental sciences Lagrangian particle tracking complex mixtures 01 natural sciences Human nose chemistry.chemical_compound medicine 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes Molecular diffusion Chromatography Chemistry Mechanical Engineering technology industry and agriculture Partial pressure Pollution eye diseases Aerosol Benzyl acetate medicine.anatomical_structure Chemical engineering Particle deposition |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Aerosol Science. 95:15-29 |
| ISSN: | 0021-8502 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2016.01.006 |
| Popis: | Inhaled airborne droplets may undergo phase change as they travel through the respiratory tract. Droplet evaporation and condensation depends on the physicochemical and thermodynamic properties of the aerosol and will impact deposition in the respiratory airways. The deposition behavior of four fragrance aerosols ( d -limonene, linalool, benzaldehyde, and benzyl acetate) with different vapor pressures was simulated in anatomically accurate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of the rat and human nasal passages. Steady-state inspiratory airflow was simulated in each species at resting breathing rates. Droplet transport and deposition was simulated using Lagrangian particle tracking. Droplet size evolution due to phase change was governed by molecular diffusion to or from the droplet surface and was driven by the difference in partial pressures between the droplet surface and the surrounding environment. CFD predictions revealed significant evaporation of these fragrance materials in the nasal passages with evaporation rates dependent on the saturation vapor pressures of the substances. In the human nose, complete evaporation was observed for d -limonene droplets with initial diameters ≤6 µm, benzaldehyde droplets ≤4 µm, and benzyl acetate and linalool droplets |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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