| Popis: |
Occipital neuralgia is described as unilateral or bilateral paroxysmal, stabbing pain in the occipital distribution that often is associated with tenderness and occasionally is associated with dysesthesia. Typically, patients are treated conservatively with pharmacologic agents (e.g., NSAIDs, muscle relaxants, antiepileptics); however, conservative treatment has a high failure rate, often resulting in an interventional procedure (e.g., local nerve block, botulinum toxin injection) or surgery (e.g., ganglionectomy, neurectomy, or neuromodulation). The chapter reviews the surgical interventions, with an emphasis on the approach, management, and complications. Further, the expected outcomes and the evidence for each approach are discussed. |
