Magnitude of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission among household and non-household contacts of TB patients
| Autor: | Jennifer Grinsdale, J. C. Choi, Julie Higashi, Leah G. Jarlsberg, Dennis Osmond, Philip C. Hopewell, L. M. Kawamura, Midori Kato-Maeda |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Tuberculosis biology Transmission (medicine) business.industry Risk of infection 010102 general mathematics Odds ratio medicine.disease biology.organism_classification 01 natural sciences Mycobacterium tuberculosis 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Infectious Diseases medicine Sputum Pacific islanders 030212 general & internal medicine 0101 mathematics medicine.symptom business Demography Cohort study |
| Zdroj: | The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 23:433-440 |
| ISSN: | 1027-3719 |
| Popis: | SETTING The household and non-household contacts of patients with tuberculosis (TB) face varying degrees of risk of infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE To quantify new infection and to determine the risk factors associated with new infection among named contacts in San Francisco, CA, USA. DESIGN We performed a cohort study in patients with culture-positive pulmonary TB. We analyzed patient, contact, environmental and bacterial characteristics. RESULTS Of the 2422 contacts named by 256 patients, 149 (6.2%) had new infection due to recent transmission from 79 (30.9%) patients. Of the 149 new infections, 87 (58.4%) occurred among household contacts and 62 (41.6%) among non-household contacts. Numerous acid-fast bacilli in sputum (odds ratio [OR] 2.64, 95%CI 1.32-5.25) and contacts being named by more than one patient (OR 2.90, 95%CI 1.23-6.85) were associated with new infection among household contacts. Being older than 50 years (OR 1.93, 95%CI 1.09-3.41) and an Asian/Pacific Islander (OR 3.09, 95%CI 1.50-6.37) were associated with new infection among non-household contacts. CONCLUSIONS Fewer than one third of patients caused new infection to his/her contacts. A substantial proportion of transmission resulting in new infection occurred outside of the household. The risk factors for infection among household and non-household contacts are different and should be considered when prioritizing control interventions. . |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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