| Popis: |
Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication enables a variety of applications and services, including safety, infotainment, mobility, payment, and so on, to be accessed and consumed. However, V2I requires seamless connectivity without having to worry about transitions between and across heterogeneous networks. In the next generation 5G heterogeneous networks (HetNet), which is a combination of multi-tier and multi-radio access technologies (RAT), the main challenges for V2I communication are having better network discovery, selection, and implementation of fast, seamless, and reliable vertical handover; maintaining QoS; and providing better quality of experience (QoE). To meet these challenges, considerable research contributions exist, and various generic solutions have also been proposed. In this chapter, the authors discuss the state-of-the-art of such technologies and V2I communication that consists of available radio access technologies, handover management, access network discovery and selection function (ANDSF), and media-independent handover (MIH)-based standard solutions for vertical handover. Besides, the chapter presents associated challenges with these technologies and highlights the possible research directions on multi-path technologies, SDN-based solutions, hybrid solutions, and 5G-enabled internet of vehicles (IoV). Primarily, the chapter discusses seamless V2I connectivity in HetNet and presents the state-of-the-art and future research directions in this domain. |
