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Background Thymoquinone (TQ) and allicin are two natural compounds separated from the seeds of Nigella sativa (black seeds) and garlic, respectively. These two compounds are known to have antioxidant properties. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant properties of both TQ and allicin in cancer prostate (PC3) and colon cancer (Caco2) cell lines using four cellular parameters, namely, reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxide [malondialdehyde (MDA], catalase enzyme (CAT) and nitric oxide (NO). Materials and methods Two types of cancer cell lines, PC3 cells and Caco2 cells, were used for the investigation of four aforementioned antioxidant parameters before and after treatment with the two natural compounds (TQ and allicin). Viability assay was done first to determine the concentrations used. Results It was found that the concentration of reduced glutathione was highly significantly and significantly decreased in both PC3 cells and Caco2 cells, respectively, after treatment with TQ compared with control, whereas the change in the concentration of reduced glutathione was not significant after allicin treatment for both cell lines compared with control cells. Regarding the concentration of lipid peroxide (MDA), its concentration was highly significantly reduced in PC3 cells in both treatments, whereas it was significantly increased in Caco2 cells treated with TQ compared with control cells. Catalase activity was significantly reduced in PC3 cells after treatment with TQ, and highly significantly increased after treatment with allicin, whereas in Caco2 cells, catalase activity was highly significantly increased after treatment with TQ and allicin compared with control cells. NO concentration was not affected in PC3 cells after treatment with TQ, and highly significantly increased after treatment with allicin, while it was highly significantly increased in Caco2 cells in both treatments, compared to control cells. |
