Chemical, nutritional and functional characterization of proteins extracted from wild mustard (Brassica campestris, Brassicaceae) seeds from Nuevo Leon, Mexico

Autor: Ratikanta Maiti, Ma. Guadalupe Alanís-Guzmán, Pedro Wesche-Ebeling
Rok vydání: 1995
Předmět:
Zdroj: Economic Botany. 49:260-268
ISSN: 1874-9364
0013-0001
DOI: 10.1007/bf02862345
Popis: Cultivated oilseeds are very important sources of protein-rich pastes that are widely used for their nutritional and functional properties in human foods and animal feed. The purpose of this research was to determine the potential of wild Brassica campestris seeds as a source of protein isolates and their characterization. Wild mustard meal contained 33.5% lipids, 26% protein, 13.4% crude fiber, 4.4% ash, 22.6% nitrogen free extract and 4.8% moisture. It contained low levels of phytates (32 mg/100 g) and glucosinolates (0.92%), and the thioglucosidase could be inactivated through heat (90°C/ 18 min) or after extracting the oil with hexane at 80°C: for 2 hr. Dehulled and defatted meal contained 3.8% crude fiber, 7% ash, and 48% protein, with a digestibility of 92.8% and a nutritive value of 98% (relative to casein). Phytate levels increased to 67 mg/100 g and glucosinolates to 2.3%. Protein was extracted from this meal at pH’s between 6 and 11. Maximum yields (>74%) were obtained at pH 7, 7.5 and 8, coinciding with a minimum extraction of phytate (70%). SDS-PAGE electrophoresis identified 12 protein bands with MW between 10 and 74 kDa in these extracts. Protein extracted at pH 7 was precipitated at pH’s between 3.5 and 5.5, with maximum yield at pH 3.5 (53%), but the pH 4 isolate was chosen (yield 36%) since it contained negligible amounts of phytates and no glucosinolates. It contained 93% protein and a nutritive value of 91%, and higher levels of sulphur amino acids and lysine than cereals and legumes. The best functional characteristics were its foaming capacity, foam stability and oil binding capacity (better than soybean isolate).
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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