Development of functionalized SYBR green II related cyanine dyes for viral RNA detection
| Autor: | Ville Saarnio, Jesper R. Nilsson, Visa Ruokolainen, L. Marcus Wilhelmsson, Kirsi Salorinne, Tiia-Riikka Tero, Varpu Marjomäki, Sami Oikarinen, Tanja Lahtinen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Process Chemistry and Technology
General Chemical Engineering Intercalation (chemistry) RNA 02 engineering and technology Conjugated system Chromophore 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences Combinatorial chemistry Fluorescence 0104 chemical sciences chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry Capsid Nucleic acid Cyanine 0210 nano-technology |
| Zdroj: | Dyes and Pigments. 177:108282 |
| ISSN: | 0143-7208 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2020.108282 |
| Popis: | Fluorescent probes for sensing nucleic acids have found widespread use in the field of cell and molecular biology. However, probes combined with potential for post-synthetic conjugation, e.g. for intra-endosomal measurements of RNA, are unavailable. Herein we developed cyanine dyes that can be conjugated to viral capsid or other targets. First, we solved the crystal structure of SYBR Green II. The structural elucidation of this commonly used RNA probe provided the basis for synthesizing similar molecules with much desired function for post-synthetic conjugation. To address this need, cyanine dyes were prepared using an alternative synthesis protocol. All studied compounds showed considerable brightness upon binding to nucleic acids. However, regardless of the common chromophore on the dyes, the observed fluorescence emission intensities varied significantly, where methyl-substituted dye 1 gave values higher than SYBR Green II, whereas compounds 2–5 containing undecyl spacers had lower values. Studying the structure-activity relationship revealed the longer alkyl chains to induce slight perturbation in dye intercalation, as well as demand larger binding area on the nucleic acid lattice, explaining these differences. To study the potential biological use of the dyes, the RNA genome of enterovirus echovirus 1 was studied in vitro with the probes. A novel method employing the low binding space requirement of 1 was developed to determine the single-to-double-stranded RNA ratio of a sample, whereas compound 4 was covalently bound to the viral capsid and used successfully to monitor the viral RNA release from within the capsid. The presented results open new possibilities for preparation and use of SYBR Green-based nucleic acid probes to further apply these compounds for increasingly demanding targeting in biological contexts. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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