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The chemical composition of the above-ground parts of Astragalus danicus and A. inopinatus collected in the Baikal region (Eastern Siberia) was studied for the first time. From A. danicus, pentacyclic triterpene saponins were isolated and identified, viz., 3-O-(β-glucuronopyranosyl)-3β,22β,24-trihydroxyolean-12-ene, 3-O-[O-(β-d-xylopyranosyl)-(1→2)-(β-glucuronopyranosyl)]-3β,22β,24-trihydroxyolean-12-ene, 3-O-[O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1→2)-(β-glucuronopyranosyl)]-3β,22β,24-trihydroxyolean-12-ene, 3-O-[O-(α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1→2)-O-(β-d-xylopyranosyl)-(1→2)-(β-glucuronopyranosyl)]-3β,22β,24-trihydroxyolean-12-ene, 3-O-[O-(α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1→2)-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1→2)-(β-glucuronopyranosyl)]-3β,22β,24-trihydroxyolean-12-ene, 3-O-methyl-d-chiro-inositol, and linolenic acid. In A. inopinatus, the same saponins were identified as well as tricosan-1-ol and tetracosan-1-ol, 5,7,4"-trihydroxyflavon (apigenin), and a tetracyclic triterpenoid, 20(R),24(S)-epoxycyclolanost-9(11)-ene-3β,6α,16β,25-tetrol (cycloastragenol). All reported compounds from the both genus of Astragalus were isolated for the first time. Methanolic extracts of A. danicusand A. inopinatus exhibited low inhibitory activity with respect to the growth of HeLa cells. The chloroform fraction of A. danicus showed a strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and a strong cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells. |
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