Popis: |
We describe the European planning approach to motorisation focusing on the historical experience of Barcelona and Paris. That is, we study how relatively large and dense cities had to change to accommodate the motor car and the consequences of such choices in terms of pollution, land use and traffic congestion. We also discuss the European approaches to de-motorisation to find that, in general and in comparison to Japan, they are micromanaged, overregulated and geographically localised in and around the city centres. |