Kinetics of the base-catalysed bromination of diethyl malonate

Autor:	Hugh Christopher Longuet-Higgins, Douglas Hugh Everett, Ronald Percy Bell
Rok vydání:	1946
Předmět:	Aqueous solution Bromine Chemistry Inorganic chemistry Kinetics chemistry.chemical_element Type (model theory) Medicinal chemistry Catalysis Diethyl malonate Base (group theory) chemistry.chemical_compound General Energy Molecule
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 186:443-453
ISSN:	2053-9169 0080-4630
DOI:	10.1098/rspa.1946.0055
Popis:	The kinetics of the bromination of diethyl malonate have been investigated in aqueous solution at 25°. Under suitable conditions the rate of bromination is independent of the bromine concentration, and is determined by the rate at which the ester loses a proton to basic ions or molecules in the solution. Measurements in buffer solutions were used to obtain values for the catalytic constants of ten basic species. There is no detectable catalysis by acids, a slight increase in velocity in strongly acid solutions being traceable to hydrolysis of the ester group. The catalytic constants of six basic anions are related to the dissociation constants of the corresponding acids by an expression of the type due to Bronsted. The ions OH - , H 2 BO - 2 and OBr - do not conform to this relation, and reasons for these discrepancies are discussed. In its general kinetic behaviour the bromination of diethyl malonate conforms to the regularities previously shewn to exist in the ionization of substituted ketones (Bell 1943).
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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