Evolution of proopiomelanocortin
| Autor: | Ana Rocha, Alejandra Godino-Gimeno, José Miguel Cerdá-Reverter |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Genetics endocrine system digestive oral and skin physiology Dynorphin Biology Proenkephalin 03 medical and health sciences Nociceptin receptor 030104 developmental biology 0302 clinical medicine Opioid Proopiomelanocortin medicine biology.protein Gene family Melanocortin Protein precursor hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug |
| Popis: | Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) belongs to the opioid/orphanin gene family whose peptide precursors include either opioid (YGGF) or the orphanin/nociceptin core sequences (FGGF). In addition to POMC the family includes the proenkephalin (PENK), prodynorphin (PDYN), and nociceptin/proorphanin (PNOC) precursors. The opioid core sequence in POMC is incorporated by the β-endorphin that occupies the C-terminal region but this propeptide also exhibits at least two “alien” melanocortin core sequences (HFRW). An ACTH/MSH fragment merged into the opioid fragment not earlier than the two tetraploidizations of the vertebrate genome. Therefore, POMC exhibit a complex “evolutionary life” since the gene has coevolved together with two different receptor systems, i.e., opioid and melanocortin following a horse trading system. In this article, we summarize the different evolutionary hypotheses proposed for POMC evolution. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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