In the face of fear: Anxiety sensitizes defensive responses to fearful faces
| Autor: | Christian Grillon, Danielle R. Charney |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Facial expression
Reflex startle Endocrine and Autonomic Systems Cognitive Neuroscience General Neuroscience Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Context (language use) Fear anxiety Amygdala Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology medicine.anatomical_structure Developmental Neuroscience Neurology Anxiogenic Moro reflex medicine Anxiety medicine.symptom Psychology Neuroscience Biological Psychiatry Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Psychophysiology. 48:1745-1752 |
| ISSN: | 0048-5772 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01268.x |
| Popis: | Fearful faces readily activate the amygdala. Yet, whether fearful faces evoke fear is unclear. Startle studies show no potentiation of startle by fearful faces, suggesting that such stimuli do not activate defense mechanisms. However, the response to biologically relevant stimuli may be sensitized by anxiety. The present study tested the hypothesis that startle would not be potentiated by fearful faces in a safe context, but that startle would be larger during fearful faces compared to neutral faces in a threat-of-shock context. Subjects viewed fearful and neutral faces in alternating periods of safety and threat of shock. Acoustic startle stimuli were presented in the presence and absence of the faces. Startle was transiently potentiated by fearful faces compared to neutral faces in the threat periods. This suggests that although fearful faces do not prompt behavioral mobilization in an innocuous context, they can do so in an anxiogenic one. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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