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This chapter provides an overview on the results of bacterial diversity studies conducted in the Boka Kotorska Bay using flow cytometry, epifluorescence microscopy as well as CARD FISH methods. Preliminary results of bacterial communities in sediment using next generation sequencing are presented as well. The Boka Kotorska Bay represents a semi-closed basin with specific hydrographic characteristics where it is very important to investigate bacterioplankton structure and highlight their significance. Average results of heterotrophic bacteria showed that Boka Kotorska Bay during 2009 and 2010 belonged to oligotrophic area. In the course of 2011 and 2012 Kotor and Risan represented mesoeutrophic area while Tivat, Herceg Novi and Mamula belonged to oligotrophic area. Analysis of seasonal distribution of LNA and HNA groups in the area of Boka Kotorska Bay showed prevalence of the LNA bacteria during spring, summer and autumn, while prevalence of the HNA bacterial group was occurred only in winter time. Bacterioplankton abundance obtained by CARD FISH showed variations among different part of Bay. Abundance of all bacterial groups decreased going from the inner (Kotor and Risan Bay) to the outer part (Herceg Novi and Mamula). In inner part of the Bay dominated Gammaproteobacteria and Cytophaga/Flavobacter, typical chemoorganotrophs. This part of investigated area was affected by inflow of fresh waters, nutrients as well as under great influence of contamination taking account bacterial faecal indicators. Preliminary results of sediment analysis showed dominance of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria in surface sediment layers especially Gammaproteobacteria in the most polluted sites. |
