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Publisher Summary Toluene is found naturally in petroleum and coal, and is a major component of gasoline. It is also produced by the burning of organic materials and has been detected in cigarette smoke. Toluene is also produced industrially for use as a solvent and in the production of various chemicals. In addition, toluene is produced and emitted by plants. Toluene is also produced industrially for use as a solvent and in the production of various chemicals. The chapter highlights the fact that toluene is produced and emitted by plants. Some bacteria use a dioxygenase to catalyze the formation of a cis-dihydrodiol product, which is then subjected to dehydrogenation to form 3-methylcatechol. Other bacteria have monooxygenases that catalyze the initial hydroxylation at the ortho, meta, or para position of toluene, which is then followed by a second hydroxylation by the same or a different hydroxylase to form catecholic products. |
