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Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the requirements, design, and methodology involved in the synthesis of alkalides and electrides, culminating with the recent designed synthesis of a thermally stable electride. Solid alkalides and electrides are formed by precipitation, crystallization, or solvent evaporation from solutions that contain complexed cations and either alkali metal anions or solvated electrons. No quantitative equilibrium data are available for complexant-free alkali metal solutions in the solvents used to synthesize alkalides and electrides (MeNH 2 , EtNH 2 , Me 2 O). It is the irreversible decomposition of oxa–complexants rather than decomplexation that limits the temperature stability of alkalides and electrides that contain crown ethers and cryptands. Research with alkalides and electrides would certainly have been simpler if crown ethers and cryptands were able to withstand the strong reducing power of alkali metal anions and trapped electrons. In the study of the decomposition products of some thirty solid alkalides and electrides that contained CH 2 -O-CH 2 -CH 2 -O-CH 2 groups, it was found that the initial products were ethylene and a glycolate. |
