Racial/Ethnic Minority Vocational Research Trends: An 11-Year Update

Autor: David Diaz, Mohamad Shahin, Jiajia Zhu, Ruben Atilano, Bo Hyun Lee, Jennah Beilgard, Ching‐Lan Lin, Melissa Munoz, Sarah May, Jeffrey Fischer, Lisa Y. Flores
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Zdroj: The Career Development Quarterly. 65:288-301
ISSN: 0889-4019
Popis: The educational and vocational landscape in the United States is rapidly changing. These changes are influenced by various factors, such as the increasing racial and ethnical diversity of the population (U.S. Census Bureau, 2012), a demand for highly skilled workers, and the departure from the workforce of an aging population, which opens their positions to be filled by the growing racially and ethnically diverse population (Handel, 2013; Toossi, 2013). Career counselors and vocational psychologists should prepare to assist these racially and ethnically diverse individuals as they enter into and navigate this changing workforce. In the present study, we sought to identify recent trends of racial/ethnic minority (REM) career research in order to assess current practices and guide future research to inform interventions for these populations.Forecasts of the U.S. labor force suggest that demographic shifts will result in a high rate of participation by racially and ethnically diverse individuals. REMs composed 38% of the labor force (U.S. Department of Labor, 2016) in 2015 and are expected to account for 43% of the workforce by 2024 (Toossi, 2015). As a group, REMs have unique needs and workplace experiences that warrant attention from career counselors, vocational psychologists, and other professionals who assist people in exploring options, making career decisions, and preparing for employment. Their needs are especially critical as they have long been marginalized from educational and occupational sectors in the United States (Byars-Winston, Fouad, & Wen, 2015). To redress the educational gap and occupational segregation-both of which reinforce economic disparities-researchers need to conduct more studies to understand the specific career needs of this diverse workforce (Byars-Winston et al., 2015; Wells, Delgado-Romero, & Shelton, 2010) and to ensure that counseling interventions are guided by science. Prior studies have noted that REMs in the United States are underrepresented in career research (Byars & McCubbin, 2001; Flores et al., 2006; Wells et al., 2010).A review of the literature suggests a need for a closer examination of the work and career experiences of REMs. Until recently, more than half of published research studies in vocational journals neglected to report racial and ethnic demographic information of participants (Wells et al., 2010). An examination of The Career Development Quarterly (CDQ), the Journal of Career Assessment (JCA), the Journal ofCareer Development (JCD), and the Journal ofVocationalBehavior (JVB) found that only 38% of articles between 1990 and 1999 reported racial and ethnic sample characteristics compared with 54% between 2000 and 2007 (Wells et al., 2010). Recently, Chaichanasakul et al. (2011) reported that approximately 49% of articles published between 1972 and 2007 in JCD reported racial/ethnic characteristics of research samples. Research must go further than reporting demographic characteristics of samples to understand group-specific educational and work experiences of REMs. Separate reviews of vocational journals found that 15% to 16% of empirical articles focused specifically on issues related to racial and ethnic groups (Chaichanasakul et al., 2011; Whiston, Rose, Peterson, & Nguyen, 2013). Despite American Psychological Association (APA; 2010) research standards that mandate reporting racial and ethnic characteristics of research participants, and professional guidelines that encourage the development of scientific knowledge relevant to REMs (APA, 2003), there is clearly room for significant improvement.An analysis of 79 REM career articles published from 1994 to 1999 across six career, counseling, and multicultural journals reported that the articles most frequently were published in JVB (n = 12); focused on college undergraduates (n = 30) or African Americans (n = 20); addressed the topics of occupational perceptions, expectations, interests, and aspirations (n = 18); were theoretical (n = 25) or quantitative (n = 54) studies; and tended to use analysis of variance and multivariate techniques (Byars & McCubbin, 2001). …
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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