| Popis: |
Antennas are exposed to various environmental conditions while transmitting or receiving signals. Although they are intended to work outdoors or in areas that will not cause signal attenuation, they cannot always find such an environment. Water puddles in front of the antenna’s radiation pattern due to rain or other reasons cause wave attenuation. The fact that the electrical conductivity value in water is about 80 times higher than in air or space causes a significant decrease in the speed of electromagnetic waves. As a result of these problems, undesirable situations occur in the value of the scattering parameter S11, which is an important feature for antennas. In this study, the theoretical, simulation and production stages of a microstrip patch antenna are done. S11 values are measured by using a Nano-VNA for each of the different environment where salt water taken from the Black Sea coast, fresh water, mineral water, fountain water, and finally in the open air environment. The attenuation values are compared at 2.1 GHz frequency. As a result of the design, simulation and measurements, it has been seen that the main weakening is due to water. Water renders the antenna inoperable. |
