The acquisition of stone-tool use in captive chimpanzees

Autor:	Kyoko Sumita, Kohshi Norikoshi, Jean Kitahara-Frisch
Rok vydání:	1985
Předmět:	Stone tool media_common.quotation_subject Behavioural sciences engineering.material Trial and error Animal ecology engineering Observational learning Animal Science and Zoology Imitation Psychology Social psychology media_common Cognitive psychology
Zdroj:	Primates. 26:168-181
ISSN:	1610-7365 0032-8332
DOI:	10.1007/bf02382016
Popis:	In order to investigate the acquisition of stone-tool use to crack nuts, experiments were conducted with five captive chimpanzees, employing combinations of trial-and-error, and three types of observation learning of varied difficulty. Two adults and one sub-adult succeeded in acquiring this behavior in the tests where tool use was demonstrated by the experimenter, or by a successful chimpanzee. Analysis of their behavior patterns showed the adults' and sub-adult's process to success to be divided into three stages; these can be characterized as trial-and-error, understanding of the method, and learning the technique, respectively. A factor for distinguishing success from failure is whether or not a subject observes demonstrations with interest in the behavior itself. This interest, in turn, depends on the intensity of the desire for nuts. When released, the successful chimpanzees practiced the same behavior in a group of chimpanzees, and the behavior newly diffused to an infant. Unlike the adults, the infant did not go through the staged process but reached the solution through goal-directed trial-and-error.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::eab2e50fbf1cc7f38ec3b76f27e86e6d https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02382016 Zobrazit plný text záznamu Full text from SpringerLink