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Among various quantum dots, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are getting much more attention due to their nontoxicity and high water solubility. CQDs with or without functionalization/passivation possess different fluorescent properties. Moreover, simple and economical procedure involved in their preparation makes them a reliable substitute for nano-materials/semiconductor quantum dots. Due to their tunable fluorescent properties, these carbon quantum dots find application in anticancer studies, tissue engineering, nano-medicine and targeted drug delivery, electrochemical sensing, bio-sensing, and bio-imaging. Also, these CQDs are capable of showing high conductivity and therefore can be useful for improving the electrical/conductive nature of different materials. The CQDs can find significant role in LEDs. CQDS can be prepared by top-down approaches or bottom-down approaches. Top-down approaches involve arc discharge method, laser ablation, electrochemical oxidation, and chemical oxidation, and the bottom-down approaches include combustion, pyrolysis, microwave-assisted method, ultrasonic method, oxidative acid treatment, and hydrothermal methods. In this chapter we have tried to give an insight to the preparation and biological applications of CQDs. |
