Torrefaction of de-oiled Jatropha seed kernel biomass for solid fuel production
Autor: | Tau Chuan Ling, Hwai Chyuan Ong, Cheng Tung Chong, Wei Hsin Chen, Yong Yang Gan |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Biodiesel
Materials science biology 020209 energy Mechanical Engineering Jatropha Biomass 02 engineering and technology Building and Construction biology.organism_classification Torrefaction Pulp and paper industry Solid fuel Pollution Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering General Energy 020401 chemical engineering Bioenergy Biodiesel production Biochar 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering 0204 chemical engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering Civil and Structural Engineering |
Zdroj: | Energy. 170:367-374 |
ISSN: | 0360-5442 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.energy.2018.12.026 |
Popis: | Non-edible Jatropha seed used for biodiesel production has increased due to its high-oil contents in kernel and potential to reduce greenhouse gas emission. High demand for biodiesel generates a large volume of waste. In this study, de-oiled Jatropha seed kernel was torrefied at 200 °C, 250 °C and 300 °C, holding time of 15, 30, 45 and 60 min and particle sizes of 0.5–1.0 and 1.0–2.0 mm to produce solid fuel. Torrefaction performance was highly affected by torrefaction temperature compared with holding time. The enhancement factor of HHV increased up to 1.243 after torrefaction at 300 °C and 60 min with particle size of 0.5–1.0 mm. The large particle size reduces the diffusion rate of torrefaction vapour through internal pores, thereby producing high solid yield and low enhancement in HHV. The analysis of torrefaction severity index shows that HHV increase is highly dependent on the weight loss, thereby directly decreasing the total energy in biochar. Scanning electron microscopy image clearly illustrated that the microparticles on the surface were destroyed to increase the porous structure of the biochar with increasing torrefaction temperature. Severe torrefaction with particle size of 0.5–1.0 mm was an effective approach to increase the energy content of biochar. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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