The effect of environmental conditions on surface water quality in the Zimnik and Czyrna catchments of the Beskid Śląski
| Autor: | Stanisław Małek, Katarzyna Krakowian |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Hydrology
geography Environmental Engineering geography.geographical_feature_category Geography Planning and Development Drainage basin Vegetation STREAMS Development Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) Water level Snowmelt Environmental science Precipitation Water quality Surface water Water Science and Technology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Water and Land Development. |
| ISSN: | 2083-4535 1429-7426 |
| DOI: | 10.2478/v10025-010-0029-2 |
| Popis: | The study was carried out in the year 2004 in the Zimnik and Czyrna catchments situated on opposite slopes of Skrzyczne in the Beskid Śląski Mts. Water samples collected from streams during three sampling sessions were analysed. The first session was carried out during snowmelt (April/May), the second during intensive rainfall in the vegetation season (June) and the third – during low water level (October). A data set consisting of conductivity, water pH, concentrations of major anions (Cl – , NO3 – , SO4 2– ) and cations (NH4 + , Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ ) was produced and waters were then classified according to Polish standards (years 2002 and 2004). Chemical composition of stream waters depended on physical and geological properties of drainage areas and on seasonal changes of water level in the catchment. Water class depended also on precipitation and on forest type. It was found that water from most sampling points in streams was unfit for drinking – 66 out of collected 89 samples were beyond the first A1 category and the main reason for that was too low pH and high concentrations of NH4 + and NO3 – . During intensive rainfall in the vegetation season higher washing out of cations was observed from beech and multispecies forest stands than from spruce stands, which partly neutralized water pH and in consequence improved water quality. This phenomenon should be considered while afforesting streams neighborhoods where water is or will be used as a source of drinking water. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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