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espanolSe presenta el caso de un nino de 9 anos con sobrepeso (indice de masa corporal –IMC– de 20,9 kg/m2), consecuencia de un estilo de vida sedentario y de una alimentacion alejada de los patrones saludables. En primer lugar se realizo una valoracion enfermera en la consulta de Enfermeria de Atencion Primaria segun la Teoria General del Deficit de Autocuidado de Dorothea Orem. A continuacion se identificaron diagnosticos enfermeros usando la taxonomia diagnostica de la North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA): [00270] Dinamica de comidas ineficaz del nino, [00168] Estilo de vida sedentario y [00233] Sobrepeso. A partir de estos se diseno un plan de cuidados con los siguientes resultados esperados NOC (Nursing Outcomes Classification): [1014] Apetito, [1209] Motivacion y [1854] Conocimiento: dieta saludable, con sus correspondientes indicadores. Por ultimo, se enuncio una serie de intervenciones NIC (Nursing Intervention Classification) y sus actividades enfermeras correspondientes encaminadas hacia un estilo de vida orientado en la salud. Tras un periodo de seis meses se alcanzo la puntuacion diana en todos los indicadores identificados. Se registro una disminucion de IMC a 18,4 kg/m2: peso saludable; y, sobre todo, un cambio de actitud favorable con la practica de actividad fisica. La Educacion para la Salud es una herramienta indispensable para abordar el sobrepeso y la obesidad. Es imprescindible identificar las necesidades formativas de los pacientes para desarrollar un programa educativo como herramienta de abordaje de una situacion de salud derivada de un problema de colaboracion, como es el caso de la obesidad infantil. EnglishWe present the case of a 9-year-old boy with overweight (Body Mass Index – BMI: 20.9 kg/m2), as a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle and a diet removed from healthy patterns. First, nursing assessment was conducted by Primary Care Nursing staff, according to Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory. After this, nursing diagnoses were identified using the diagnostic taxonomy by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA): [00270] Ineffective child eating dynamics, [00168] Sedentary Lifestyle, and [00233] Overweight. Based on these, a plan of care was designed expecting the following NOC outcomes (Nursing Outcomes Classification): NOC [1014] Appetite, [1209] Motivation and [1854] Knowledge: Healthy Diet, with their respective indicators. Finally, a series of NIC (Nursing Intervention Classification) interventions was determined, and their corresponding nursing activities targeted to a health-oriented lifestyle. After a six-month period, the target score was reached in all the indicators identified. There was a BMI reduction to 18.4 kg/m2: healthy weight; and particularly a favourable change of attitude with the incorporation of physical activity. Education for health is an essential tool to address overweight and obesity. It is imperative to identify the training needs of patients, in order to develop an educational program as a tool for addressing a health situation derived of a collaboration problem, as is the case with childhood obesity. |
