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The Libyan chieftain Pharaoh Shoshenq, founder of the 22nd Dynasty, was determined to rebuild Egypt's power in former domains, including Palestine. He began his political plan by regaining control over Upper Egypt. He did this by ending the independent Theban dynasty of army commanders who had served as hereditary priests of Amon, substituting family members in their place and appointing loyal northerners in the Theban administration. The dissolution of the union between Israel and Judah left this territory divided into a number of small political units, providing Shoshenq with a good opportunity to renew Egypt's power in southwestern Asia. An inscription from the temple of Amon at Karnak indicates that he undertook a military campaign to accomplish this goal in the twenty-first year of his reign. This chapter explores his specific objectives in that campaign and tries to reconstruct the route he undertook. Keywords: Egypt; military campaign; Palestine; Pharaoh Shoshenq; temple of Amon; Theban dynasty |
