| Popis: |
In the cultural space of the current period of history, the intensification of the process of cultural transfer contributes to changing the canonical circle of national creativity, including in landscape art. It is very rare to find gardens and parks, all the elements of which, including ideology, can be attributed to the cultural traditions of certain countries or ethnic groups. Over the past two millennia, the development of trade, military expansion and the spread of religious teachings to new territories have contributed to the transformation of national cultures - both through the processes of unconscious influence and conscious borrowing. To understand these processes, it is necessary to take into account a number of factors that allow foreign cultural traditions to take root, in our case, the traditions of decorative gardening. In some cases, there were cyclical processes of exodus and return of techniques and methods of park construction to the same region. For the most part, integration processes contributed to the loss of the cultural identity of peoples, but in exceptional cases they can also be considered as a progressive phenomenon, including in social terms, when comfortable recreation places in the city became available to residents regardless of their social status. The analysis of the facts presented in the article showed a close relationship between historical events and the stages of development of decorative gardening techniques, which have been preserved in gardens for thousands of years on a par with other cultural monuments. Therefore, understanding the modern interpretation of the ideal space, which has always been understood as a garden, is important for determining the trends in the development of the landscape art as a whole. |
