Comparison of chlorine and chlorine dioxide toxicity to fathead minnows and bluegill
| Autor: | T. L. Broadwell, L. A. Mayack, R.F. Steffen, Reginald J. Soracco, R. L. Shealy, Edward W. Wilde |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1983 |
| Předmět: |
Biocide
Chlorine dioxide Environmental Engineering Ecological Modeling chemistry.chemical_element Pollution Median lethal dose chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry Environmental chemistry Toxicity Chlorine Bioassay Juvenile Pimephales promelas Waste Management and Disposal Water Science and Technology Civil and Structural Engineering |
| Zdroj: | Water Research. 17:1327-1331 |
| ISSN: | 0043-1354 |
| Popis: | The comparative toxicity of total residual chlorine (TRC) and chlorine dioxide (ClO 2 ) was evaluated by conducting 96 h flow-through bioassays with three types of fish. The fish were subjected to an intermittent exposure regime in which biocide residuals were present for approx. 2-h periods beginning at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h into the tests. These conditions simulated the antifouling procedure (1 h day −1 biocide addition) used to control biofouling of nuclear reactor heat exchangers at the Savannah River Plant near Aiken, South Carolina. LC 50 values showed that ClO 2 was approx. 2–4 times more toxic than TRC to: (1) juvenile and 1-year-old fathead minnows ( Pimphales promelas ); and (2) young-of-the-year bluegill ( Lepomis macrochirus ). The TRC mean 96-h LC 50 values were: 0.08 mg l −1 for juvenile fathead minnows, 0.35 mg l −1 for adult fathead minnows and 0.44 mg l −1 for young-of-the-year bluegills. The ClO 2 mean LC 50 values were: 0.02 mg l −1 for juvenile fathead minnows, 0.17 mg l −1 for adult fathead minnows and 0.15 mg l −1 for young-of-the-year bluegills. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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