Analysis of energy flow and greenhouse gas emissions in organic, integrated and conventional cultivation of white asparagus by PCA and HCA: cases in Greece
| Autor: | George Menexes, Panagiota Zafiriou, Anastasios S. Siomos, Kiriaki L. Kalburtji, Constantinos A. Tsatsarelis, Andreas P. Mamolos |
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| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Renewable Energy
Sustainability and the Environment business.industry Strategy and Management Fossil fuel Environmental engineering Agricultural engineering Energy budget Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Agriculture Energy flow Greenhouse gas Organic farming Production (economics) Environmental science business General Environmental Science Efficient energy use |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Cleaner Production. :20-27 |
| ISSN: | 0959-6526 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.01.040 |
| Popis: | Recently, the increased cost of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions has attracted the interest of many scientists to study the energy use in agricultural systems. Energy analysis in white asparagus farms is useful to decide best management strategies. The objectives of this study were to evaluate a) the energy flow among conventional, integrated and organic farming systems and b) the effect of farming system to greenhouse gas emissions. Eleven farms (three conventional, five integrated, three organic) at nine locations in Greece were selected during 2007–2008. Multidimensional data analyses were used to detect a) clusters of farming systems and b) associations between field operations and production coefficients variables. Three clusters of farming systems and four groups of variables were revealed. Non-parametric tests concerning external variables (outputs, energy efficiency, spear production, CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O) showed that the three clusters of farming systems were not statistically different relative to output and energy efficiency variables but spear productions and gas emissions were lower for the organic farming cluster. The results showed that organic farming could reduce inputs and gas emissions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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