Study of the matrix effect on the PIXE quantification of active pharmaceutical ingredients in different formulations
| Autor: | Maher Soueidan, Serge Della-Negra, Alice Bejjani, Bilal Nsouli, Mohammad Roumie, Edmond Abi-Fadel, Manale Noun |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Active ingredient
Nuclear and High Energy Physics Bromine Hydrochloride 010102 general mathematics 010401 analytical chemistry Heteroatom Analytical chemistry chemistry.chemical_element 01 natural sciences Sulfur 0104 chemical sciences chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry medicine Chlorine Particle 0101 mathematics Clidinium bromide Instrumentation medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. 406:119-123 |
| ISSN: | 0168-583X |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.nimb.2017.02.046 |
| Popis: | While Particle Induced X-ray Emission technique (PIXE) is an accurate technique to quantify Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API’s) via the analysis of their heteroatoms, each drug (formulation) may require a specific quantification procedure due to its distinct matrix composition. The commercial Fludinium® drug, which has two active ingredients Clidinium Bromide (C 22 H 26 NO 3 Br) and Dihydrochloride Trifluoperazine (C 21 H 24 N 3 F 3 S. 2HCl) has been taken as a case study in this work. Different amounts of its API’s and its placebo were mixed to provide various formulations. The matrix effect on the quantification of the three heteroatoms (chlorine, sulfur and bromine) related to the above API’s in different formulations has been studied. In fact, chlorine which is in its hydrochloride form in the API was not eventually considered for calculation due to its instability under beam. The calculation of bromine amount via its K α or its L α rays was found to be independent of the matrix composition and it was rapidly done by simple comparison to an external standard. However, the calculation of sulfur, via its K α , was highly dependent on the matrix composition. Therefore, to achieve an accurate quantification a more sophisticated calculation method was used by means of the GUPIX code. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect