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Introduction Valvulopathies represent a clinical entity frequently encountered in daily practice. They must be detected and questioned before having repercussions on the myocardium, so as not to delay a possible surgical intervention. The results of surgery have improved considerably thanks to an earlier diagnosis, hence the importance of early diagnosis of these valvulopathies in our environments. The aim of our study is to estimate the prevalence of valvulopathies and to inventory the main etiologies and treatment. Methods We carried out a prospective, single-centric study from October 2017 to January 2018, concerning the register of patients followed for valvulopathies, collected from the hospital of the valvular day and echocardiography vacations in the department of cardiology of Ibn Rochd University Hospital of Casablanca. Results 4000 patients consulted in the CHU cardiology department. Of these, 327 had valvulopathy. The average age was 58.2 sex ration = 0.47. The main risk factors identified are smoking (17.6%) and high blood pressure (19.4%). The most frequent reasons for consultation are dyspnea (94%) and palpitations (15%). Electrically 36,5% have ACFA, 16,8% have repolarization disorders and 13.1% have electrical HVG. On echocardiography, there was damage to a single valve (55%), 02 valves (20.1%) or 03 valves (2.7%). Mitral valvulopathies (73.4%) are the most commonly found valvulopathies. Tricuspid disease was noted in 18 patients. The main etiologies are rheumatic (70%) and degenerative. Percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty was performed in 15% of patients with mitral stenosis. Among patients with severe valvular heart disease, surgical treatment was indicated for 112 patients. Conclusion Valvulopathies are quite common in our context with a female predominance and often of rheumatic origin. Percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty and prosthetic valve replacement are the preferred treatment methods for valvular heart disease. |
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