| Popis: |
Metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents correlates with increased cardiovascular risk in adulthood. This cardiometabolic risk may be modified by treatment of insulin resistance, obesity, and dyslipidemia. Lifestyle modification is the most effective treatment of metabolic syndrome. However, in children and adolescents who continue to have significant comorbidities despite intensive lifestyle treatment, pharmacological therapy may be added to lifestyle management. Metformin is approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and may lead to weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome. Orlistat is the only weight loss medication approved for the pediatric age group. In adults, bupropion, exenatide, and pramlintide in addition to others are currently under investigation for the treatment of obesity and may be available for children and adolescents in the future. Lipid-lowering medications targeting hypertriglyceridemia and low serum HDL in metabolic syndrome may be effective when lifestyle modification has failed. However, lipid-lowering agents in children and adolescents are not currently approved for the treatment of dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome. The addition of drug therapy to lifestyle management in metabolic syndrome should be initiated and carefully monitored by medical team familiar with expected outcomes and possible side effects. |
