Empirical characterization of vertical-tube inlets in hot-water storage tanks
Autor: | William Worek, Kyle R. Gluesenkamp, Ahmad Abu-Heiba, Tony Gehl, Kashif Nawaz, Joseph Rendall |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
geography
Vertical tube geography.geographical_feature_category Petroleum engineering 020209 energy General Chemical Engineering Water storage Stratification (water) 02 engineering and technology Condensed Matter Physics Inlet 01 natural sciences Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics 010406 physical chemistry 0104 chemical sciences Eddy diffusion Storage tank 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Curve fitting Environmental science Thermocline |
Zdroj: | International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer. 119:104838 |
ISSN: | 0735-1933 |
Popis: | Hot-water storage in residential and commercial tanks is of growing interest for peak-shifting the electrical demand associated with hot-water loads. How the water enters the tank can significantly affect the extraction efficiency of the storage. Vertical-tube inlets (VTIs) direct cold water into the tank. The VTI design influences whether large-scale mixing occurs, which can reduce the delivery capacity of the hot-water storage. In this work, the mixing at the VTI discharge was characterized by the eddy diffusivity factor (EDF) in an allometric curve fit to the ratio Re:Ri using inlet superficial velocities. The full experimental campaign tested VTI's with Re’s between 170 and 22,300 and Ri's between 0 and 376. Animated visualization of the experimentally measured data is provided, showing tank temperature evolution during inlet flows. The most predictive correlations for EDF are for VTI Re in the transition zone (i.e. ~2300 5). For vertical-tubes that distribute cold water below the thermocline, increasing the EDF will decrease the stratification in a hot-water tank as EDF quantifies inlet mixing. The new correlations for VTIs can be used to design and model thermally-stratified storage tanks. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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