Partial replacement of a traditional raw material by blast furnace slag in developing a sustainable conventional refractory castable of improved physical-mechanical properties
| Autor: | Leonel Díaz-Tato, J.F. López-Perales, C. Gómez-Rodríguez, F.J. Vázquez-Rodríguez, Fernando Banda-Muñoz, Edén Rodríguez, José E. Contreras |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Absorption of water
Materials science Pig iron Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment 020209 energy Strategy and Management 05 social sciences Metallurgy Slag 02 engineering and technology Building and Construction engineering.material Microstructure Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Ground granulated blast-furnace slag visual_art Smelting 050501 criminology 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering visual_art.visual_art_medium engineering Ceramic Porosity 0505 law General Environmental Science |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Cleaner Production. 306:127266 |
| ISSN: | 0959-6526 |
| Popis: | The exponential growth of industrial waste is a problem that has forced the development of clean technologies for their appropriate management. About 0.25–0.30 tons of slag is generated per ton of crude steel or pig iron in blast furnaces. In this research, blast furnace slag was recycled to progressively replace the fine fraction of flint clay at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt% in laboratory-scale conventional refractory castable samples fired at 120, 850, 1050, and 1400 °C. The physical properties were measured by linear shrinkage, bulk density, apparent porosity, and water absorption. The mechanical behavior was evaluated by cold crushing strength and cold modulus of rupture. Microstructural and mineralogical characteristics were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The incorporation of 10 wt% of blast furnace slag allowed the development of a slag-containing conventional refractory castable with improved properties compared to those of the reference castable, such as a bulk density of 2.61 g/cm3, percentages of apparent porosity, and water absorption of 10.64% and 4.08%, respectively, and mechanical resistance of 94.5 MPa. A denser microstructure via ceramic body’s porosity reduction is reached by the anorthite crystallization from a silica-rich liquid phase with CaO contents. This densification mechanism improves mechanical resistance by about 74%. The anorthite phase and the physical and mechanical characteristics exhibited by the sustainable refractory castable are attractive and suitable for its possible application in the aluminum industry as smelting furnace lining. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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