Real-time accurate quantification of nanoliter ethanol using performance-optimized micro-fabricated microwave resonant sensor
| Autor: | Tian Qiang, Cong Wang, Nam-Young Kim, Shanta Maharjan, Alok Kumar, Kishor Kumar Adhikari, Qun Wu |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Permittivity
Materials science Acoustics and Ultrasonics 02 engineering and technology 01 natural sciences Gallium arsenide law.invention Resonator chemistry.chemical_compound law Sensitivity (control systems) Coupling business.industry 010401 analytical chemistry Linearity 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Condensed Matter Physics 0104 chemical sciences Surfaces Coatings and Films Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials Capacitor chemistry Optoelectronics 0210 nano-technology business Microwave |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 53:085402 |
| ISSN: | 1361-6463 0022-3727 |
| DOI: | 10.1088/1361-6463/ab5c68 |
| Popis: | The inherent trade-off among the level of sensing electromagnetic (EM)-energy and the performance parameters, and consequently, the inevitable nonlinearity at high-sensitivity renders the performance-optimization of a micro-fabricated microwave resonant sensor very difficult. This paper presents a shunt capacitor-based EM-energy splitting technique to generate three distinct levels of coupled EM-energies in micro-fabricated microwave LC resonant ethanol sensors and investigate the quantitative correlation among the resulting energy level, sensitivity, linearity, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Gallium arsenide (GaAs)-based micro-fabrication technique is used to implement the proposed microwave LC resonators employing an air-bridged circular spiral inductor and meandered-line coupling capacitors. The experimental results reveal that the performance-optimized sensor rapidly and accurately quantifies the wide range of nanoliter (200 nL) ethanol concentrations (5-50% vol.) with a high-sensitivity (1.817 MHz/% vol.), good linearity, and SNR; thus, highlighting the significance of the proposed method to develop a high-performance ethanol sensor. In addition, ethanol-dependent complex permittivity, which is calculated using the measured central frequencies and loaded-quality factors, reveals a negative correlation between the real-permittivity and ethanol concentration of the aqueous solution. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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